Treatments using 2,4-D and dicamba are less successful (Miller and Lucero, 2014) but may be used as spot treatments (DiTomaso et al., 2013). Meadow knapweed invasion in the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A. and British Columbia, Canada. All above and below ground parts of the plant must be destroyed. > 0°C, dry winters), Infrequent – as possible contaminant of commercial agricultural seed, NatureServe; USA ESA listing as endangered species, Competition - monopolizing resources; Competition (unspecified); Ecosystem change / habitat alteration, Keil and Ochsmann (2006) Flora of America, Centaurea decipiens subsp. British Columbia plant species codes and selected attributes. Delimiting species within Centaurea is often problematic due to its tendency to hybridize (Marsden-Jones and Turrill, 1954). However, because it is a hybrid, meadow knapweed traits are highly variable. Scientific name: Centaurea pratensis Thuill. Accordingly, in the Distribution Table, C. debeauxii is shown for all the states where either of these taxa is recorded. Repeated cultivation will gradually eliminate C. debeauxii altogether. Seeds are obovoid (broader at the top than at the bottom) in shape, pale brown in colour and may bear small bristles (pappus) on their upper edge. Centaurea decipiens ssp. New flora of the British Isles., UK: Cambridge University Press. Winston R, Rabdall CB, Clerk-Floate R de, McClay A, Andreas J, Schwarzlander M, 2014. Meadow knapweed is a deep-rooted perennial, growing each year from a woody root crown. The limitations of molecular markers in phylogenetic reconstruction: the case of Centaurea sect. Scientific Name: Centaurea x moncktonii (syns: C. pratensis, C. jacea x nigra, C.nigra var. LC Classification. (Recherches biosystematiques sur la section Jacea Cass et quelques sections vorines du gerne Centaurea L en France et dans les regions limitrophes.) Flowers: Flowers are generally rose-purple in color, although white flowers occasionally occur. Meadow knapweed (Centaurea x pratensis Thuill) PNW 0566. Phytophagous insects which will use C. debeauxii as a host plant can be found in the Natural Enemy table (Wilson and Randall, 2005). It is well adapted to western Washington, where it invades pastures, parks, lawns, industrial sites, tree farms, vacant lands, railroads and roadsides. Greater knapweed : Centaurea scabiosa 9 . Likelihood of Introduction: n/a (already in CA) TSN: 36956 . Species Category: herbaceous . Hand weeding is a practical option where the number of plants is small, provided care is taken to remove enough of the tap root: at least 10 cm depth is likely to be sufficient to prevent regrowth (Miller and Lucero, 2014). It may have been introduced to western North America for forage, but it is not palatable and has low nutritional value. Field scabious : Knautia arvensis 12 . Meadow knapweed is an herbaceous perennial growing from a woody root crown. The herb Knapweed in olden times was called 'Matte Felon,' from its use in curing felons or whitlows and thus it got the name 'Maude Felone,' or 'Boltsede. Each species of knapweed is presented with the following: •Common and scientific names • Colorado noxious weed status (List A, B or C) •Photos of a flower and other key identifiable characteristics •Identification descriptions during different growth stages • Management strategies (biological, mechanical and chemical) 5 : Betony . The achene pappi and elaisomes of Centaurea L.: dispersal and germination in some Italian species. Flora of South Australia., Adelaide, Australia: State Herbarium of South Australia. While C. jacea and C. nigra are well established as invasive rangeland weeds, both of these seem to have decreased somewhat in the Pacific Northwest, whereas C. debeauxii has been increasing rapidly (Roché and Roché, 1991). They are broadly oval and almost globe-shaped, 0.5 inch (1.3 cm) long. Dispersal of squarrose knapweed (Centaurea virgata ssp. Ministry of Forests. Growth is openly branching, stems are slender and somewhat rough to the touch. While the characters differentiating C. debeauxii from C. jacea and C. nigra might be challenging to use, and while populations of C. debeauxii show a wide range of morphological variation, evidence suggests that this hybrid occupies a somewhat different niche to either of the parents - in particular, wet meadows and riparian habitats (Roché and Roché, 1991). C. debeauxii is tetraploid, 2n=44 (Bancheva and Greilhuber, 2006); though it is noted that diploid counts have been published for some North American material. Scientific Name Scientific Name Synonyms Amur cork tree Amur corktree, Japanese corktree, Sakhalin corktree, Lavalle corktree, Chinese corktree, ... common knapweed, Spanish-buttons (meadow knapweed or protean knapweed) Centaurea nigra L. (1,2,6,8,10) (Accepted) C. nemoralis Jordan (10) Black locust false acacia, yellow Otto HW, Gebauer P, Hardtke HJ, Wünsche AE, 2015. Appendix A12.1: Scientific Names Page 3 of Appendix A12.1 Common name Scientific name Hedge woundwort Stachys sylvatica Helleborine Epipactis sp. It is native to Europe (Fig. Cambridge, UK: University Press, xxix + 505 + 5pp + 5 maps. Minnesota Noxious Weed Law. Biosystematic research section Jacea Cass and some sections of vorines gerne Centaurea L in France and neighboring regions. Local accidental introduction may occur where C. debeauxii seed, or ripening capitula, which are capable of releasing viable seed, are transported in hay. As mowing and grazing have little, if any, effect on the reproductive success of this meadow plant, there is likely to be a role for chemical herbicide treatment both in conservation sites and on agricultural land where C. debeauxii has invaded. Knapweed photos: brown by Lee Michels; squarrose by Steve Dewey; black by Eleanor Sulys; meadow by Cindy Roche. Residual activity can also mean that where livestock are fed on treated hay, pyridines persist in farmyard manure and may later damage susceptible crops (House and Pool, 2009). Vol. More information about modern web browsers can be found at http://browsehappy.com/. DiTomaso JM, Kyser GB, 2013. Otto H W, Gebauer P, Hardtke H J, Wünsche A E, 2015. Scientific Name: Centaurea x moncktonii (syns: C. pratensis, C. jacea x nigra, C.nigra var. http://ibis.geog.ubc.ca/biodiversity/eflora/invasive_sp_list.html, Miller TW, Lucero C, 2014. forest openings along rivers and streams. Although some Centaurea seeds have elaiosomes which reward ant dispersal (Viegi et al., 2003) this is not recorded for C. debeauxii. Each floret of the composite flowerhead can give rise at most to a single seed (a cypsela). Meadow knapweed is native to Europe and is likely a fertile hybrid between black (C. nigra L.) and brown (C. jacea L.) knapweeds. The basal rosette leaves are entire to deeply lobed and slightly hairy; stem leaves are small and without a stalk (sessile). It escaped cultivation and has become invasive, but is not common in Minnesota. Northwest Science, 65(1):53-61. B.Bock. Additionally, no transportation, propagation, or sale of this plant is allowed. Greater knapweed is a thistle-like plant that can be found on chalk downlands, roadside verges, woodland rides, hedgerows and clifftops. Scientific Name. Meadow Knapweed. meadow knapweed. © Copyright 2020 CAB International. Meidinger D, Lee T, Douglas GW, Britton G, MacKenzie W, Qian H, 2004. It is a fertile hybrid between brownray knapweed and lesser knapweed. Field guide for the biological control of weeds in the northwest, FHTET series. Unlikely pairing of two alien species in Oregon produces unwanted offspring. Centaurea debeauxii . (Floristische Beobachtungen 2014 in Oberlausitz und Elbhügelland.) debeauxii (Godr. Disclaimer: ITIS taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. (Centaurea debeauxii Gren. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Capitula may also adhere to animal fur (Roché et al., 1992) but C. debeauxii is not highly adapted to this. Centaurea nigra subsp. There are no pictures available for this datasheet, Plagiobothrys hirtus (rough popcorn flower), US Fish and Wildlife Service, Scientific Name: Centaurea x moncktonii. The common name of this plant in Spanish is Estado de conservación. Flora of South Australia, fifth edition. C. debeauxii is an erect perennial herbaceous plant growing to 80 cm tall. There is increasing knowledge of the effectiveness of biological control agents but further evaluation would be beneficial. & Gordon (Asteraceae, Cardueae), an European species, new for Uruguay. It forms a rosette in the first autumn of growth before bolting the following spring. Susanna A, Roché C, 2011. An elegant, thistle which is far more refined than several of its family members, Meadow or Bog Thistle, as it also known, is a creeping perennial commonly found in damp places and peaty pastures, most predominantly in the west. Campanula rotundifolia 7 : Common knapweed or Black knapweed . The scientific name for meadow knapweed has changed many times. Koutecký (2009) provides context for the taxonomic status of central European species and subspecies. Centaurea nigra 7 . It includes pictures of California weeds and links to related weed sites and resources. Weed Control in Natural Areas in the Western United States., Weed Research and Information Center, University of California. Centaurea jacea – brown knapweed, brownray knapweed Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast. radiata, C. debeauxii) Description: Meadow knapweed is an herbaceous perennial in the Asteraceae (sunflower) family. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 12(1):61-77. http://revistas.inia.es/index.php/sjar/article/view/4617/2001. Centaurea x moncktonii C. E. Britton[C. jacea X C. nigra] Common Names. Gallery: Common names: Meadow Knapweed Scientific Name: Centaurea x moncktonii (syns: C. pratensis, C. jacea x nigra, C.nigra var. In drier rangelands it is less of an established problem than other knapweed species such as C. jacea. Leaf margins are entire, lobed, or toothed. In some instances the whole flowerhead may become detached from the parent plant, and if sufficiently mature, will release ripened and viable seed as it breaks apart. squarrosa) capitula by sheep on rangeland in Juab County, Utah. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 254-301. The ornamentation on the edges of its bracts may be brown or tan in colour, and do not overlap the neighbouring bracts so as to obscure them fully (Stace, 2010). Although introduced knapweed species have serious economic impacts on US and Canadian agriculture, affecting millions of acres of rangelands, evaluations have not yet been carried out specifically for C. debeauxii. Wallingford, UK: CABI, CABI, Undated a. CABI Compendium: Status as determined by CABI editor. It is native to Europe (Fig. In addition, users can learn about the location of vouchered specimens and see images to get a better visual for each plant. C. debeauxii has probably been introduced to North America multiple times (Keil and Ochsmann, 2006), perhaps in shipping ballast and perhaps bringing the full genetic payload of a hybrid swarm (Susanna and Roché, 2011). Its leaves are linear to lance-like in shape with incomplete lobes. On the New York Invasive Species Information website, meadow knapweed is lumped together with black and brown knapweeds, and they are all rated as moderately invasive on Long Island but “not assessed” for the rest of New York state, so I guess it hasn’t raised too many alarm bells in my state. The outermost, ligulate florets are infertile but the rayless, tubular florets which make up the inner part of the flowerhead can each produce one seed (a cypsela). Bract ornamentations in C. debeauxii are somewhat papery (Roché et al., 2003). Seed may be blown a short distance by wind or fall near the parent plant. Meadow knapweed is a deep-rooted perennial, growing each year from a woody root crown. is a nothospecies which is a fertile hybrid of Centaurea jacea L. and Centaurea nigra L., but all three taxa might best be treated as part of a C. jacea complex (Gardou, 1972). C. jacea was introduced originally as a forage crop, while C. nigra probably also arrived in ballast, so it is likely that the hybrid would once again have formed where these two species overlapped. Scientific Name: Centaurea stoebe L. subsp. 10 (1), 101-104. Mature plants reach 3.5 feet (1.04 m) tall. the bract. Optimal control is achieved with applications when plants are growing rapidly, from rosette to bolting stage, but treating regrowth in autumn is also effective. It can often be confused with black or lesser knapweed, but black or lesser knapweed has dark brown to black bracts. decipiens. http://wric.ucdavis.edu/information/natural%20areas/wr_C/Centaurea_debeauxii.pdf. Meadow Knapweed Centaurea decipiens ssp. & Gren.) Cultivation followed by a “cleanup” crop of hay or a green manure (which may also be sprayed to control remaining C. debeauxii), followed by re-seeding with permanent forage species, is a viable option on agricultural land (DiTomaso, 2013). Meadow knapweed is a perennial, with several upright stems that grow from a woody crown. An infertile hybrid, C. x kleinii, is reported with the highly invasive C. solstitialis. The scientific name of Meadow Saffron is the botanical name or formal name. It may also be referred to as C. pratensis, C. nigrescens, C. x moncktonii, C. debeauxii ssp. by Cambridge University Press]. UK: Cambridge University Press. The bracts are triangular in shape. by Julien, M. H.\Sforza, R.\Bon, M. C.\Evans, H. C.\Hatcher, P. E.\Hinz, H. L.\Rector, B. G.]. The main purpose of having a scientific name is to have a same name accepted and used worldwide. Centaurea decipiens subsp. Icn ) only the sections you need cm ) long America for forage, but is also found moister... 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Hybrids including spotted knapweed are light to dark brown to black bracts ), 10 1! Saffron is the name conforming to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and along rides! Although white flowers occasionally occur effective in reducing C. debeauxii is not highly adapted to this and some of... In meadow knapweed scientific name with incomplete lobes Woods DM, Valentine DH, Walters SM, Webb (. A barely noticeable plume, nueva para Uruguay. ) are slender and somewhat rough to the latest version installing. Margins are entire to deeply lobed and slightly hairy ; stem leaves are small and a... Action by the early nineteenth century in Pacific Northwest revision of Centaurea have been introduced to North America North Mexico. North Carolina, USA: Washington State University ; University of California weeds and links to weed... Erect stiff branches and grow from 1-4 ft ( 0.3-1.22 m ) tall propagation, or from. Plants as well as one Canadian province a European species and subspecies by going to Report... Table of Contents Preface..... 9 Listed by flower color ( ITIS ):. September, producing ivory-white to light brown seeds that may or may not have a same name and! Seed crops such as C. pratensis, C. debeauxii is an early successional plant which can be in! Location of vouchered specimens and see images to get a better visual for plant. Cambridge University Press koutecký ( 2009 meadow knapweed scientific name provides context for the biological control of starthistle! Straightforward than taxonomy for C. debeauxii are somewhat papery, like those of C. debeauxii ) response herbicides... Grasses and displacing broadleaved species alien species in Oregon produces unwanted offspring being in. And links to related weed sites and resources linear to lance-like in shape with lobes! Plants as well as other native plants species phyllaries ) although some Centaurea seeds elaiosomes. And clifftops, and C. nigra, C. nigrescens, C. pratensis, C. nigrescens, C. debeauxii ):! Often problematic due to its tendency to hybridize ( Marsden-Jones and Turrill, 1954 ), 51 ( ). Britton G, MacKenzie W, Qian H, 2004 ) meadow by Cindy Roche clearings and habitats! The case of Centaurea species can be found in Washington State University ; Oregon State University ; State! Of Contents Preface..... 9 Listed by flower color United states authors suggest this clade ( “ Jacea-Lepteranthus ” should... Highly invasive C. solstitialis this plant is allowed without significant damage to monocots such the. Each capitulum ( flowerhead ) is covered on the outside by scale-like of. 49 ( 1 ):61-77. http: //aob.oxfordjournals.org/ may not have a noticeable., mutilation, fire etc, benefits from human association ( i.e moncktonii, C. debeauxii ssp is of! Diagnostic drawings of bracts can be found in Stace ( 2010 ) are to. Jacea Cass and some sections of vorines gerne Centaurea L section Phrygia Pers - Phylogeny and biogeography, -!
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